Assuming that the submitter is referring to the template F 40.01 included in Annex I to Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/3117, the reporting of 'Accumulated equity interest %' and 'Voting rights % in this template refers to the relationship between the reporting institution and its investees.
In the example provided, if the reporting institution is the parent entity P, it will report its 'Accumulated equity interest %' and 'Voting rights %' towards the subsidiary S 1 and towards the subsidiary S2 (for the latter using the indirect method).
Regarding the reporting of 'Accumulated equity interest %' in template F 40.02, please refer to the Q&A 2024_7222 published on the EBA website.